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Pediatrics - Angel Kaye

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60 Fragen

Jun 21, 2025

Fragetypen:

Kurzantwort

Frage 1

What height and weight percentiles indicate a potential endocrine disorder in a child?

Antwort

Below the 3rd percentile or above the 90th percentile.

Frage 2

What is a sign of hypocalcemia in a child's mouth?

Antwort

Delayed dentition.

Frage 3

What condition is indicated by an enlargement on the anterior neck?

Antwort

Goiter.

Frage 4

What is a symptom of hyperthyroidism?

Antwort

Tachycardia.

Frage 5

What is a symptom of diabetes mellitus?

Antwort

Severe weight loss.

Frage 6

What symptom is associated with diabetes insipidus?

Antwort

Frequent urination.

Frage 7

What hair condition is associated with hypothyroidism?

Antwort

Brittle hair.

Frage 8

What facial characteristic is associated with Cushing syndrome?

Antwort

Round face with hair growth.

Frage 9

What is a common symptom of diabetes mellitus?

Antwort

Thirst.

Frage 10

What skin condition is associated with hyperthyroidism?

Antwort

Cool to touch.

Frage 11

What genital growth conditions are associated with endocrine disorders?

Antwort

Excessive growth (adrenogenital syndrome), early growth (precocious puberty), delayed growth (hypopituitarism).

Frage 12

What controls the pituitary gland?

Antwort

The hypothalamus.

Frage 13

Where is the pituitary gland located?

Antwort

In the sella turcica of the sphenoid bone.

Frage 14

How many hormones does the pituitary gland produce?

Antwort

Eight hormones.

Frage 15

What are the lobes of the pituitary gland?

Antwort

Anterior lobe, posterior lobe, intermediate lobe.

Frage 16

What is the result of growth hormone deficiency?

Antwort

Short stature but normal proportions.

Frage 17

What can cause growth hormone deficiency?

Antwort

Cystic tumors, trauma, or unknown/genetic factors.

Frage 18

What usually causes growth hormone excess?

Antwort

Pituitary adenoma.

Frage 19

What occurs before growth plates close due to growth hormone excess?

Antwort

Gigantism.

Frage 20

What occurs after growth plates close due to growth hormone excess?

Antwort

Acromegaly.

Frage 21

What are symptoms of diabetes insipidus?

Antwort

Polyuria, polydipsia, dilute urine.

Frage 22

What causes the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone?

Antwort

Increased ADH secretion.

Frage 23

What are mild symptoms of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone?

Antwort

Nausea, weight gain, concentrated urine.

Frage 24

What are severe symptoms of the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone?

Antwort

Seizures, coma due to brain swelling.

Frage 25

Where is the thyroid gland located?

Antwort

Front of the neck.

Frage 26

What hormones does the thyroid gland control?

Antwort

T4 and T3.

Frage 27

What are the lobes of the thyroid gland?

Antwort

Right lobe, left lobe, pyramidal lobe, isthmus.

Frage 28

What does the radioimmunoassay of T4 and T3 measure?

Antwort

Protein-bound iodine (PBI) in the blood.

Frage 29

What can cause falsely low results in thyroid function tests?

Antwort

Low albumin or phenytoin use.

Frage 30

What should be avoided before testing T4 and T3?

Antwort

Iodine-based contrast studies or large doses of cough medicine with iodide.

Frage 31

What does the radioactive iodine uptake test measure?

Antwort

Thyroid iodine uptake after swallowing radioactive iodine.

Frage 32

What does low uptake in the radioactive iodine uptake test suggest?

Antwort

Hypothyroidism.

Frage 33

What is congenital hypothyroidism characterized by?

Antwort

Decreased T4 and T3.

Frage 34

What are symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism?

Antwort

Excessive sleep, respiratory difficulty, poor sucking, prolonged jaundice, brittle hair.

Frage 35

What is acquired hypothyroidism commonly known as?

Antwort

Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Frage 36

What causes acquired hypothyroidism?

Antwort

Autoimmune phenomenon that interferes with thyroid production.

Frage 37

What are symptoms of acquired hypothyroidism?

Antwort

Hypertrophy, body growth impairment, obesity, lethargy, delayed sexual development.

Frage 38

What is hyperthyroidism also known as?

Antwort

Graves disease.

Frage 39

What is the adrenal gland responsible for?

Antwort

Protecting the body against acute and chronic stress.

Frage 40

What hormones does the adrenal gland produce?

Antwort

Cortisol, androgen, and aldosterone.

Frage 41

What is acute adrenocortical insufficiency?

Antwort

Hypofunction of the adrenal gland.

Frage 42

What is congenital adrenal hyperplasia?

Antwort

An inherited condition that prevents cortisol synthesis.

Frage 43

What happens in the salt-losing form of congenital adrenogenital hyperplasia?

Antwort

Cortisol formation is blocked, leading to fluid loss.

Frage 44

What is Cushing syndrome characterized by?

Antwort

Overproduction of cortisol.

Frage 45

What is the pancreas essential for?

Antwort

Carbohydrate metabolism.

Frage 46

What is type 1 diabetes mellitus characterized by?

Antwort

Decreased insulin production.

Frage 47

What happens during the honeymoon period of diabetes?

Antwort

Little or no insulin is needed temporarily.

Frage 48

What is pancreas transplantation considered for?

Antwort

Children with severe kidney disease or arteriosclerosis.

Frage 49

What is type 2 diabetes in children associated with?

Antwort

Obesity, poor diet, lack of exercise, and family history.

Frage 50

What do the parathyroid glands regulate?

Antwort

Serum levels of calcium.

Frage 51

What is hypocalcemia?

Antwort

A lowered blood calcium level.

Frage 52

What is phenylketonuria (PKU)?

Antwort

A metabolic disease caused by the lack of an enzyme to convert phenylalanine.

Frage 53

What are symptoms of PKU?

Antwort

Poor growth, seizures, eczema, musty urine odor.

Frage 54

What is maple syrup urine disease caused by?

Antwort

A defect in the metabolism of leucine, isoleucine, and valine.

Frage 55

What is galactosemia characterized by?

Antwort

Abnormal amounts of galactose in the blood and urine.

Frage 56

What is glycogen storage disease?

Antwort

Inherited disorders affecting glycogen metabolism.

Frage 57

What is Tay-Sachs disease?

Antwort

An autosomal recessive disorder affecting lipid metabolism.

Frage 58

What is the key feature of Sturge-Weber syndrome?

Antwort

Congenital port-wine stain on the upper face.

Frage 59

What is the most common form of acquired hypothyroidism in childhood?

Antwort

Hashimoto thyroiditis.

Frage 60

What is the most common type of cerebral palsy?

Antwort

Spastic type.

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